AN INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT)SYSTEM FOR MONITORING AND CONTROLLING WATER DISTRIBUTION STATIONS IN REMOTE AREAS

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Systems and Computers Engineering Department, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

2 Computer Science, Nahda University in Beni Suef, Beni Suef, Egypt.

Abstract

Equitable distribution of water in remote areas that lack a drinking water network or suffer from a scarcity of water [Matrouh, for example] is one of the vital demands that researchers have not paid sufficient attention to preserve the national water wealth and protect it from waste and theft. The strategy is for users with cars of different capacities. The operator of the water distribution station opens and closes the valve manually and records the quantities of water dispensed for each car. You notice that the amount of water dispensed from the amount of water produced differs greatly in increase and decrease, which required the necessity of creating an automated system using Internet of Things technology. The research presents a control and monitoring system for the operation of pure water distribution stations, with central monitoring of the quantities of discharged water. The valves are opened and closed automatically and the reading of meters measuring the amount of discharged water is transferred to the cloud network of the central monitoring unit.Aprototype was made in Matrouh Governorate in Egypt with the components Microcontroller atmega 2560, ESP 8266,  electrical valve and, a flowmeter. The Eagle program was used to make the initial design of the (PCB) and the Arduino IDE program to write the codes. The system offers user-friendly functionality suitable for unskilled workers, boasts a cost-effective design compared to alternative like the SCADA system, and ensures that the entirety of produced water reaches its intended recipients. Previously undetermined water losses, resulting from the lack of control and theft facilitated by the illegal sale of contracted water quantities, have been mitigated significantly by the proposed system. Initial implementation showcased a commendable control level with a mere 1.7% error rate, further refined by introducing a variable delay in valve closing time (LAG) during initialization, resulting in an impressive 0.1% error rate with real-time monitoring.
 
Special Issue of AEIC 2024 (Electrical and System & Computer Engineering  Session)

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Journal of Al-Azhar University Engineering Sector
Volume 19, Issue 72
Special Issue for Al-Azhar Engineering 16th. International Conference (AEIC 2024)
July 2024
Pages 134-149

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